What is coagulant polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate (PAFs)?

In addition, the introduction of the PO 43 − group in the PFS improved the degree of polymerization, and increased the stability of the product . In this study, the composite coagulant polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate (PAFS) was synthesized using FeSO 4 .7H 2 O and nitric acid (HNO 3) under different Al/Fe, OH/Fe and P/Fe molar ratios.

Can polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate be used as a modified coagulation reagent?

Conclusions In this research, results of an experimental study on polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate as a modified coagulation reagents for treatment of wastewater were presented. During the process of preparing PAFS, parameters influencing the synthesis process were experimentally tested.

Why are PFS coagulants better than ferric sulphate?

Therefore, as the PFS coagulants consist mainly of polymeric species, they exhibit better coagulation behaviour. It is worth noting that for a 90% removal efficiency, only 20 mg/l of PFS are required, whereas the respective dosage of ferric sulphate in this case is much higher, i.e. 30 mg/l.

How are polymeric species of PFS determined?

The polymeric species of PFS are determined from the difference between the 24 h and 1 min absorbance reading. The concentration of precipitated iron species are calculated by subtracting the concentration of oligomeric and polymeric species from the total iron concentration.

Can PFS be used in tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater?

Overall, PFS is highly efficient in removing the phosphate ions and, particularly, achieving the limit concentration in wastewater to be discharged in sensitive areas, even with the lower applied dosage, thus illustrating the potential of PFS for efficient employment in the tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater.