What are rubber antioxidants?

Rubber antioxidants are defined as substances that could delay the aging of polymer compounds and prolong the service life of rubber products by inhibiting oxidation, heat, or light radiation . To date, the annual global consumption of rubber antioxidants is over 700,000 tons, accounting for about 40% of the total amount of rubber additives.

Which rubber antioxidants are used in China?

Amine antioxidants are the main rubber antioxidants produced and used in China, of which 6PPD and 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ, RD) have the highest production, accounting for more than 80% of the total amine antioxidants.

What are amine antioxidants in rubber?

Amine antioxidant is the most common rubber antioxidant, which was produced as early as the 1970s and widely used in the rubber industry. Typical amine antioxidants include diaryl-secondary amine, acetone-amine condensation product, p -phenylenediamine, and aldehyde-amine condensation product antioxidants .

Why are chemical antioxidants used in rubber aging?

By contrast, chemical antioxidants are usually used to address the reaction stage of rubber aging. According to the different fracture modes of the molecular chain of raw rubber materials, different chemical antioxidants are added to block the growth reaction chain during aging .

Are rubber antioxidants a rational design?

The development of medical antioxidants also inspires the rational design of rubber antioxidants. Recently, Sun, et al. synthesized a novel antioxidant (APPT) containing aromatic amine, thiourea and allyl groups by the reaction between N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and allyl isothiocyanate (Fig. 3 b) .

Does antioxidant 2246 protect rubber from aging?

Among them, antioxidant 2246 has a good performance to protect rubber from aging caused by heat, oxygen, and metals. Because hydrogen in phenolic antioxidants can combine with the oxygen in air, their antiaging efficiency is therefore lowered compared with amine antioxidants [21, 22].