What is polyaluminum chloride (PAC)?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is an inorganic polymer material that has the advantages of a simple preparation process and special electronic structure. It is considered to be the most efficient and widely used flocculation material for water treatment.

Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant for water treatment?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is highly effective coagulant for water treatment over conventional coagulants because of low dosage requirement, shorter flocculation time, smaller amount of sludge, high efficiency and low aluminum residual in treated water .

Is PAC a polymer flocculation catalyst?

The literature also indicates that Al 13 has a molecular scale of 1–2 nm and has a high charge, which is considered to be the most stable active species in PAC. Thus, PAC as “inorganic polymer flocculation catalyst” demonstrated its structural characteristics in the organic synthesis reaction system.

Can PAC be used as coagulant for water treatment?

The ZPD value of PAC was also revealed that the flocculation tendency of PAC particles was very high in water, and the PAC could be used as coagulant for water treatment. Fig. 5.

Does polyaluminum chloride coagulate with hydrolyzed coagulants?

Coagulation with hydrolyzing coagulants has been studied thoroughly, but the coagulation behavior of pre-hydrolyzed coagulants such as polyaluminum chloride (PACl), especially the coagulation mechanisms at various coagulant dosages and pH values of raw water, has not been systemically investigated and not been well understood , .

Is polyaluminium chloride better than polyelectrolyte – alum-based coagulation?

At the Barekese Water Treatment Plant in Ghana, an alternative, the polyelectrolyte – polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is also used in coagulation but limited information is available on the operating conditions required to achieve better performance than alum-based coagulation.