Is chitosan a green crosslinker for polyacrylamide gelation?

In many review articles, chitosan is also proposed as a green crosslinker for polyacrylamide (PAM) gelation for high-temperature reservoirs for conformance control applications ( Negi et al., 2021Magzoub et al., 2020Hamza et al., 2019El-Karsani et al., 2014Amir et al., 2019 ).

Are chitosan-based PPGs sensitive to saline environments?

Chitosan-based PPGs characterized to be insensitive to saline environments. Oil and gas extraction has become challenging nowadays due to the accompanying amount of excess produced water that results in poor recoverability of hydrocarbon, besides other environmental and economic isues.

Can chitosan grafted polyacrylamide be used for water shutoff?

This paper uses one of the polysaccharides and proposes an environmentally friendly PPG for water shutoff applications in reservoirs of high temperature (≤130 °C) and high salinity (200,000 ppm), named chitosan grafted polyacrylamide crosslinked with N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide, synthesized chemically by microwave assisted method.

What is a preformed particle gel (ppg) in a polysaccharide chitosan?

4. Conclusion An eco-friendly preformed particle gel (PPG) was created chemically using a microwave irradiation process and APS as an initiator to graft several ratios of AM/MBA onto the backbone of the polysaccharide chitosan.

Are chitosan-based PPGs stable?

Chitosan-based PPGs revealed excellent long-term thermal stability at high temperatures and high ionic environments. Chitosan-based PPGs characterized to be insensitive to saline environments.

Does chitosan polysaccharide make a greener ppg?

The study successfully integrated the chitosan polysaccharide with synthetic polymers to create greener PPG with superior properties to those found in currently available PPGs, including long-term thermal stability, high strength, and adequate swelling capacities under the harsh conditions of reservoirs.