What is partial hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)?

Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is a water-soluble polymer material used in oil fields [18, 19]. It usually has a linear structure with high molecular weight and is obtained by partial hydrolysis of PAM or by copolymerization of sodium acrylate with acrylamide .

What is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA)?

Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), consisting of neutral acrylamide and anionic acrylate groups, is suitable for use in water with <25,000 mg/L TDS 12, 15.

What is thermal stability of water soluble polyacrylamide (PAM) and partially hydrolyzed polymers?

Thermal stability of water-soluble polyacrylamide (PAM) and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymers under various solution conditions have been studied utilizing Quantum Mechanics Density Functional Theory (DFT) computational modeling method.

Can Pam/HPAM polymers be applied in high-temperature/high-salinity reservoir conditions?

In order to apply PAM/HPAM polymers in high-temperature/high-salinity (HT/HS) reservoir conditions, it is important to mitigate cationic effects on hydrolysis and stability.

How do cations affect the hydrolysis of Pam/HPAM polymers?

These cations not only can form complexes (gels or precipitates) with the carboxylic groups with HAPM to alter their rheological and phase properties, they can also catalyze the amide hydrolysis reaction to increase the degree of hydrolysis of PAM/HPAM polymers.

Do modified CMC & PHPA polymer drilling fluids increase rheological properties?

Kuma et al. investigated modified CMC and PHPA polymer drilling fluids with NaCl and KCl and haematite mineral where KCl and NaCl acted as great swelling inhibitors for drilling muds, while haematite just slightly increased the rheological properties on CMC–bentonite mud and did not have much effect on the PHPA–bentonite mud .