What is a sugar industry?

Sugar industry is one of the industries consuming large amount of water and releasing enormous amounts of wastewater. Wastewater from sugar industry consists of sugar, carbohydrates, metal concentration, and organic compounds. The advanced treatment strategies are required for handling such a high concentration of organic loading in wastewater.

What is the chemical oxygen demand of sugar industry wastewater (SIWW)?

Wastewater releasing from sugar industry contains carbohydrates, nutrients, oil and grease, chloride, and heavy metals; and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of sugar industry wastewater (SIWW) is much higher than the acceptable limits of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (Sahu, 2018; Kushwaha, 2013; Urbaniec and Klemeš, 2008).

What is water management in sugar industry?

The concept of water management in sugar industry can reduce load on the treatment process and techniques such as a water pinch analysis along with industrial case studies has been discussed. Different wastewater treatment methods such as physicochemical, electrochemical, aerobic, and anaerobic for SIWW treatment are discussed.

Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant for water treatment?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is highly effective coagulant for water treatment over conventional coagulants because of low dosage requirement, shorter flocculation time, smaller amount of sludge, high efficiency and low aluminum residual in treated water .

What are the main sources of wastewater from sugar industries?

The main sources of wastewater from sugar industries are cooling water and floor wash water, which is 12% of the total wastewater emitted from sugar industries, and a high concentration of organic, sugar spillage is dissolved in this water. Organic loading from operations discussed earlier is 70% of the total organic load in wastewater.

How to manage the requirement of fresh water in sugar industry?

Requirement of fresh water in sugar industry can be effectively managed by (1) recycling of water stream for example, discarded water from boiler consists of the concentration of sugar entrainment, and fibers, this water can be used for the imbibition process, (2) water pinch analysis, (3) water index analysis, and (4) EPI.