Can anionic polyacrylamide be used as coagulant aid with ferric sulphate and polyaluminium chloride?

It is important to point out that the optimal coagulant dose can be reduced when anionic polyacrylamide is used as coagulant aid with ferric sulphate and polyaluminium chloride, thus decreasing treatment costs. 3.10. Mechanisms of the process

Does anionic polyacrylamide improve the coagulation–flocculation process?

The use of anionic polyacrylamide had little effect on this cost but improved the coagulation–flocculation process, leading to a significant increase in the settling speed and reduction in the volume of sludge produced. Table 7.

How to improve the coagulation–flocculation process applied to a slaughterhouse wastewater?

The aim of this study was to improve the coagulation–flocculation process applied to a slaughterhouse wastewater by adding a coagulant aid (anionic polyacrylamide). The proper determination of coagulant type and dosage will not only improve the water characteristics, but also decrease the settling time and cost involved. 2. Materials and methods

How coagulants and flocculants are used in water and wastewater treatment?

During the treatment process, particles larger than 100 µm are typically settled in tanks, with the assistance of coagulants and flocculants to enhance this settling procedure (Zaki et al. 2023). Coagulation, a well-established technology in water and wastewater treatment, plays a crucial role (Kristianto et al. 2019).

What is anionic polyacrylamide (PAM)?

Anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) possesses interconnected and active groups that establish robust bonds with the surface of suspended colloids, promoting the formation of coarse particles among the suspended solids and a mixture of insoluble particles in water (Irfan et al. 2017).

What are the advantages of anionic polyacrylamide?

The use of anionic polyacrylamide increases the flocculation efficiency of the coagulant, increasing the settling speed, reducing the amount of coagulant required for the treatment and lowering the cost of the coagulation-flocculation process. This work was financially supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain.