What is cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)?

Cationic polyacrylamides (CPAMs) are widely utilized due to their excellent performance in flocculation and sludge dewatering . Numerous studies have been conducted on CPAM synthesis technologies, including grafting, free radical polymerization, and polymer modification .

How to improve flocculation efficiency of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)?

Among them, flocculation is an efficient and simple physicochemical method, and to be choose proper flocculant is the key factor to enhance flocculation efficiency (Li et al. 2017; Luo et al. 2013 ). Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) is a water-soluble linear polyelectrolyte with high molecular weight and positive charge density.

Are CPAM emulsions cationic?

This approach overcomes the drawbacks of traditional optimization methods. We successfully synthesized three CPAM emulsions with a wide range of cationic degrees: low (21.85%), medium (40.25%), and high (71.17%) levels of cationic degree.

What are the applications of polyacrylamide (PAM)?

As a result, PAM is widely used in municipal wastewater treatment, oil extraction, pulp and paper production, and other fields. Polyacrylamide is mainly used in the flocculation, sedimentation, and dewatering processes in municipal wastewater treatment.

Is cationic polyacrylamide emulsion a flocculant for paper mill wastewater treatment?

[ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Yang, K.; Chen, J.; Yao, C. Cationic polyacrylamide emulsion with ultra-high concentration as a flocculant for paper mill wastewater treatment. BioResources 2020, 15, 3173–3189.

What is cationic polyacrylamide used for?

(2) Anionic polyacrylamide: Suitable for treating wastewater containing cationic suspended solids, such as mine wastewater and alkaline wastewater. It can bind with cationic suspended solids in the wastewater, forming flocs to promote solid-liquid separation.