How to produce polyacrylamide with different molecular weights?

Free radical polymerization of acrylamide monomer, using both solution and inverse emulsion polymerization, was applied to produce polyacrylamide with various molecular weights. This investigation was focused on the production of polymers with varying molecular weight, depending on monomer to initiator ratio.

Can polyacrylamide gels be used in harsh environments?

Organically cross-linked PAM-related system To apply gel systems in harsh environments such as those with high temperatures, high salinity, and high pH, Chang et al. synthesized a polyacrylamide gels based on the cross-linking reaction between phenolic compounds (e.g., phenol and resorcinol) and formaldehyde.

What is a polyacrylamide gel system?

The gel system consist a cross-linked, sulfonate-containing polyacrylamide microparticle with both labile and stable cross-linkers . An inverse emulsion polymerization process ensures a narrow particle size range.

What is polyacrylamide polymer?

Polyacrylamides constitute a class of polymers that can entirely dissolve or swell in water to form a solution or hydrogel, respectively. Free radical polymerization of acrylamide monomer, using both solution and inverse emulsion polymerization, was applied to produce polyacrylamide with various molecular weights.

What are the different types of polyacrylamide polymer gels?

Based on their compositions and application conditions, polyacrylamide polymer gels can be classified into three types: in-situ monomer-based gel, in-situ polymer-based gels, and preformed particle gels. Initially, in-situ mono- mer gels which are mainly composed of acrylamide were developed for water shutoff.

How does a polyacrylamide layer grow?

This layer grows by new crosslinking between free flowing macromolecules and those directly absorbed or previously fixed. Rousseau et al. stud- ied the rheology of polyacrylamide-based systems under near-wellbore conditions and found that polymers with a high degree of sulfonation are readily absorbed onto the pore sur- face.