Can cationic polyacrylamide be used in oilfield wastewater treatment?

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) solid particle is one of the most commonly used organic polymer flocculants in oilfield wastewater treatment, but it poses some problems, such as a slow dissolution rate and an easy formation into a “fish-eye” in the process of diluting into aqueous solution.

What cations are used in polyacrylamide?

Partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide (HPAM) and multivalent cations systems (e.g., Cr 3+, Zr 4+, and Cr 6+) are commonly used and developed to be applied to formations with a highly permeable matrix, to improve their profile performance (Singh and Mahto, 2017).

What is the viscosity of cationic polyacrylamide emulsion?

When the polymer content was 28.10%, the apparent viscosity of the microemulsion reached more than 321 mPa·s, and its mobility was too poor to be pumped in practical applications. Liu prepared a water-in-water cationic polyacrylamide emulsion with a viscosity of 150~500 mPa·s, but its effective content was only about 15%.

Which cationic polyacrylamide polymer has the highest recovery factor?

Fluorescent cationic polyacrylamide polymers at a concentration of 2000 ppm were employed, and the polymer flow was observed using a UV lamp through a glass 1/4 five-spot model. The results, as shown in Figure 9, indicate that Poly 400 achieved the highest recovery factor.

What is organic polymer flocculant cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)?

The organic polymer flocculant cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) has the characteristics of a low additive amount, good turbidity removal and water purification effect, and high COD removal efficiency, and it has become the most commonly used polymer flocculant in the oilfield wastewater treatment process [11, 12, 13, 14, 15].

Can cationic-based fluorescent-tagged polyacrylate copolymers improve enhanced oil recovery (EOR)?

The comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies outlined in this manuscript underscore the potential of cationic-based fluorescent-tagged polyacrylate copolymers as innovative agents for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR).