What are the applications of polyacrylamide (PAM)?

As a result, PAM is widely used in municipal wastewater treatment, oil extraction, pulp and paper production, and other fields. Polyacrylamide is mainly used in the flocculation, sedimentation, and dewatering processes in municipal wastewater treatment.

Why is polyacrylamide important in wastewater treatment?

The correct use of polyacrylamide will contribute to improving municipal wastewater treatment results, protecting water resources, and achieving sustainable development. In the wastewater treatment industry, polyacrylamide has become an indispensable agent.

What is polyacrylamide used for?

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a high molecular weight polymer that comes in three types: cationic, anionic, and non-ionic. Its molecular chain contains a large number of covalent bonds, giving it excellent adsorption properties. As a result, PAM is widely used in municipal wastewater treatment, oil extraction, pulp and paper production, and other fields.

Why is Pam a high molecular weight polymer?

PAM was the only high molecular weight polymer in the wastewater. These molecular chains inevitably coiled and became entangled, which increased the viscosity of the wastewater. The changes in viscosity (Table 1) show that most of the macromolecular chains were effectively interrupted especially in R1 [2, 19].

How dangerous is polyacrylamide (PAM)?

4.1.1. Polyacrylamide (PAM) As PAM is extensively used in our daily lives, it is essential to be aware of its potential hazards. Studies have indicated that PAM exhibits low or non-toxicity to humans, primarily due to the large sizes of polymers, which restrict their ability to penetrate the skin.

What is cationic polyacrylamide used for?

(2) Anionic polyacrylamide: Suitable for treating wastewater containing cationic suspended solids, such as mine wastewater and alkaline wastewater. It can bind with cationic suspended solids in the wastewater, forming flocs to promote solid-liquid separation.