Are all polyacrylamide hydrogels the same?

6. Not all Polyacrylamide hydrogels are the same There are several PAAG available, and although often considered to be the same material, there are clear differences in composition, manufacturing and injection technique, as well as abilities to interact with surrounding tissues .

Can polyacrylamide hydrogel treat equine OA?

However, over the last decade, 2.5% Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) was introduced and received considerable interest in equine OA therapy, backed-up by highly promising results in the medication of OA in humans [17 – 20].

What is 4% Paag hydrogel 2?

The 4% PAAG hydrogel 2 is often mistaken for 2.5% PAAG, however, not only is the polyacrylamide concentration different but also the manufacturing process. Furthermore, 4% PAAG also contains silver ions, whose interaction within a joint is not known.

Can 4% Paag hydrogel 2 Treat OA in horses?

To our knowledge, there is no evidence in the literature that is provided as drawbacks to using 2.5% PAAG in the treatment of OA in horses. The 4% PAAG hydrogel 2 is often mistaken for 2.5% PAAG, however, not only is the polyacrylamide concentration different but also the manufacturing process.

Does polyacrylamide hydrogel change cytokines after osteoarthritis in horses?

Changes in cytokines following intra-articular treatment with 2.5% polyacrylamide hydrogel of osteoarthritis in horses. Conflict of interest statement: The author declares having no known competing financial interests or personal relationship that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.

Should a hydrogel be injected into the articular space?

• It is of paramount importance to inject this hydrogel into the articular space and not into the synovial membrane, or else the gel, unlike a fluid, will form a bulging into the synovial membrane and will not diffuse and act properly within the joint space.