What is cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)?

Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) is one of the most frequently used flocculants with high intrinsic viscosity and charge density. This flocculant is a water-soluble acrylamide-based polymer having cationic quaternary ammonium groups .

What are water soluble polymer flocculants?

Abstract Water soluble polymer flocculants are important constituents of solid–liquid separation units for the treatment of a variety of process-affected effluents. The systematic development of a …

Why is polyacrylamide used in water treatment and sludge dewatering?

Polyacrylamide and its copolymers are extensively employed in water treatment and sludge dewatering. The efficiency of flocculation is influenced by factors such as the type of flocculant used, its molecular weight, and its concentration in the water suspension. Flocculation occurs through mechanisms of charge neutralization and bridging.

Why is anionic polyacrylamide chosen?

Anionic polyacrylamide is chosen because the intramolecular electrostatic repulsion between polymer segments forces the polymer chains to adopt a more extended conformation, increasing the efficiency of bridging flocculation.

Does polyacrylamide structure affect flocculation of bentonite clay?

Shaikh and coworkers studied the effect of polyacrylamide structure on the flocculation of bentonite clay. 208 Using turbidity as a powerful measure, they compared flocculations using cationic, anionic, and amphoteric polyacrylamides of varying molecular weights.

Is acrylamide a cationic flocculant?

The copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and DMC is used as an effective cationic flocculant in wastewater treatment. A series of copolymers of AM and DMC (PAMC) were synthesized using different approaches. In earlier studies, γ-ray irradiation with inverse emulsion polymerization was employed to copolymerize AM and DMC .