Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) has grown to be the most widely used coagulant because of the benefits over traditional aluminum or ferric-based coagulants, such as less aluminum residuals, better performance at low temperature, less effect on the pH value of water, rapid flocculation, and less sludge volume (Wei et al., 2015).

What is the most effective dosage for polyaluminum chloride (PAC) & aluminum sulfate (FEC?

The findings revealed that the most effective dosages for polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4) 3), and ferric chloride (FeCl 3) were 20, 10, and 20 mg/L, respectively.

Does C-PAM improve coagulation–flocculation process in cardboard industry effluent?

Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design (BBD) were investigated to optimize the coagulation–flocculation process (CF) of cardboard industry effluent using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and cationic polyacrylamides (c-PAM).

Is polyacrylamide effective in coagulation-flocculation of cardboard industry effluent?

In the previous studies, polyacrylamide has been found to be efficient for the coagulation-flocculation of cardboard industry effluent (Ahmad et al., 2008; Gao et al., 2005; Harif et al., 2022b). PAC is generally used, in surface water and wastewater treatment, as coagulant.

Can PAC and C-PAM be used to treat pulp and paper industry effluents?

The use of PAC and c-PAM in the treatment of pulp and paper industry effluents might be deemed cost-effective (Wong et al., 2006). In this work, the cost of wastewater treatment using PAC and c-PAM is around 791,29 $ per m 3. The biological processes may provide an alternative for surfactant treatment due to their cheaper cost.

What is coagulation & flocculation in industrial wastewater treatment?

A pivotal and contemporary approach for industrial wastewater treatment is the coagulation and flocculation method. Optimizing factors such as temperature, pH, retention time, and coagulant concentration can significantly enhance the efficiency of this process.