Can anionic polyacrylamide be used as coagulant aid with ferric sulphate and polyaluminium chloride?

It is important to point out that the optimal coagulant dose can be reduced when anionic polyacrylamide is used as coagulant aid with ferric sulphate and polyaluminium chloride, thus decreasing treatment costs. 3.10. Mechanisms of the process

Why are polymeric flocculants used in industrial effluent treatment?

Polymeric flocculants, synthetic as well as natural have become very popular in industrial effluent treatment due to their natural inertness to pH changes, high efficiency with low dosage, and easy handling (Singh et al., 2000).

What is a polymeric flocculant?

In most cases, they are derived from oil-based and non-renewable raw materials (Suopajärvi et al., 2013). Commonly used polymeric flocculants include polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (DADMAC), polyamine and others (Singh et al., 2000).

Does anionic polyacrylamide improve the coagulation–flocculation process?

The use of anionic polyacrylamide had little effect on this cost but improved the coagulation–flocculation process, leading to a significant increase in the settling speed and reduction in the volume of sludge produced. Table 7.

What are the different types of flocculants?

Flocculants are divided into three groups: chemical, natural and grafted flocculants. Methods of wastewater treatment: coagulation–flocculation and direct flocculation. Flocculating efficiency of bio-flocculants is comparable to chemical flocculants. Flocculating mechanisms: charge neutralisation, bridging and electrostatic patching.

Can flocculants be used in wastewater treatment?

The potential application of conventional flocculants, bio-flocculants and grafted flocculants in wastewater treatment has been verified and well investigated.