Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant for water treatment?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is highly effective coagulant for water treatment over conventional coagulants because of low dosage requirement, shorter flocculation time, smaller amount of sludge, high efficiency and low aluminum residual in treated water .

Can polyaluminum chloride be used in water treatment?

In this study, synthesis and speciation of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) for application in water treatment was investigated using a colorimetric speciation method. It was possible to produce stable preparations of PAC solutions in which a relatively stable cationic polymer predominated.

What stipulations apply to polyaluminium chloride?

The stipulations of this Standard apply when this document has been referenced and only for polyaluminium chloride intended for use in water treatment. Polyaluminium chloride is used in the water treatment industry for the coagulation of organic and mineral colloids prior to sedimentation and/or filtration.

Is polyaluminium chloride better than polyelectrolyte – alum-based coagulation?

At the Barekese Water Treatment Plant in Ghana, an alternative, the polyelectrolyte – polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is also used in coagulation but limited information is available on the operating conditions required to achieve better performance than alum-based coagulation.

How is polyaluminium chloride dosed?

Polyaluminium chloride is dosed as a liquid solution. It is usually dosed via diaphragm pumps into a zone of high water turbulence to facilitate rapid mixing of the solution with the water. It is normal to pump the solution with additional dilution water into the water being treated in order to facilitate good mixing and rapid coagulation.

What is a polyaluminium chloride?

PolyAC refers to polyaluminium chloride. 2c) = 3, with a >1.05. Some polyaluminium chlorides may not contain SO4 and conform to the formula [Al(OH)aClb]n, where (a b) = 3, with a >1.05 . Generally the basicity of these compounds used in the water treatment industry does not exceed 60% (see reference 1) or products.