Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant for water treatment?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is highly effective coagulant for water treatment over conventional coagulants because of low dosage requirement, shorter flocculation time, smaller amount of sludge, high efficiency and low aluminum residual in treated water .

Is polyaluminium chloride a safe coagulant?

Polyaluminium Chloride is a safer alternative to several other chemical coagulants. For instance, aluminium sulphate has been widely used as coagulant for many years. It removes contaminates and general turbidity from water during the water treatment process.

What is the difference between polyaluminium chloride and Pac?

Polyaluminium chloride on the other hand, possesses lower doses of aluminium. It leaves a significantly fewer aluminium traces in the water, as well as sludge by-products. PAC is characterized by the degree of basification (%), which is the concentration of hydroxyl groups relative to aluminium ions.

Does polyaluminum chloride coagulate with hydrolyzed coagulants?

Coagulation with hydrolyzing coagulants has been studied thoroughly, but the coagulation behavior of pre-hydrolyzed coagulants such as polyaluminum chloride (PACl), especially the coagulation mechanisms at various coagulant dosages and pH values of raw water, has not been systemically investigated and not been well understood , .

What is polyaluminium chloride?

Polyaluminium chloride is the one of the first chemicals that are added in the water during the coagulation process. The compound is highly charged, where it reacts and neutralizes the negative charge on dirt and other dissolved particles. This will allow the compound to bind together to form larger particles.

Can PAC be used as coagulant for water treatment?

The ZPD value of PAC was also revealed that the flocculation tendency of PAC particles was very high in water, and the PAC could be used as coagulant for water treatment. Fig. 5.