Why is polyaluminum chloride a good coagulant for water treatment?

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is highly effective coagulant for water treatment over conventional coagulants because of low dosage requirement, shorter flocculation time, smaller amount of sludge, high efficiency and low aluminum residual in treated water .

What is the optimum yield of medium polymeric (Al B) in PC species?

The optimum yield of medium polymeric (Al b) content in PΑC species was predicted to 74.6 %, and the verification experiment result was 73.5 % at 0.5 M, 2.2, 75 °C and 273 min.

Can PAC be prepared from aluminum chloride solution?

PAC can be prepared from aluminum chloride solution with the titration of various basification agents such as calcium oxide [16, 21], sodium hydroxide [, , ] and sodium aluminate .

Can polymeric PAC be used for water treatment?

Several researchers have investigated the synthesis, of PAC and its performance for water treatment. The results shows that various polymeric species of PAC yield (Al b species) are obtained and different performance efficiencies for water treatment are reported in the literature [21, 24].

Is Pac better than aluminum sulfate & aluminum chloride for removing turbidity & nom?

Moreover, the performance of synthesized PAC was also very much higher as compared with aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride for removing turbidity and NOM from synthetic water samples. The coagulant dose and the lime required of synthesized PAC were reduced more than two folds relative to aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride doses.

What is the concentration of aluminum in Pac solution?

The aluminum concentration in the PAC solution was diluted in the ranges from 5.4 to 10.8 mg L −1. The PAC solution to Ferron solution volume ratio was 10:1, which was mixed and immediately transferred to the cuvettes in the UV–vis spectrometer for absorbance measurement.