Can tannin be used as a primary coagulant?

The application of tannin as primary coagulants was summarised and discussed. Coagulation-flocculation has been applied widely in water and wastewater treatment. Tannin, a natural water-soluble polyphenol that is present in most vegetable cells, has been widely accepted and applied as a plant-based coagulant.

Is tannin a good alternative for dairy wastewater treatment?

In conclusion, tannin is a promising alternative for dairy wastewater treatment regarding its process performance and wastewater treatment residuals management. …

How effective is tannin-based coagulant?

Furthermore, tannin-based coagulant has been shown to be efficient in several cases, including the removal of color from biologically treated landfill leachate, the treatment of municipal wastewater and wastewater from the textile industry, and to remove surfactant from laundry wastewater Ibrahim and Yaser 2019).

Are tannin-based coagulants used in water treatment?

Sánchez-Martín et al. had summarised the utilisation of commercial tannin-based coagulants in water treatment namely Tanfloc, Aquafloc and Silvafloc up to the year of 2012. This review aims to summarise the findings on the synthesis and application of tannin-based coagulants, including their characteristics and extraction techniques.

What is the difference between Pac and tannin?

Particularly, the PAC showed higher alkalinity consumption and increased the electrical conductivity of the clarified wastewater, while tannin showed good performance within a wider pH, ranging from 5.0 to 10.0.

When did tannin become a coagulant?

Tannin usage as flocculants and corrosion inhibitors received attention back in the late 1960s and early 1970s and applied industrially. A tannin-based polyelectrolyte received attention as a coagulant to treat turbid water in 1964 by Rice et al. .